Venezuelan opposition supporters have been holding mass protests, a day after violent clashes with government forces.
"We will keep going with more strength than ever," opposition leader Juan Guaidó tweeted. Pro-government rallies are also taking place.
The rival demonstrations come after President Nicolás Maduro said he had stopped an "attempted coup" on Tuesday.
Mr Guaidó says he is backed by members of the armed forces, but Mr Maduro insists he still has their support.
In a fiery television address on Tuesday, Mr Maduro accused protesters of "serious crimes" which he said would "not go unpunished", and said the US was plotting against him.
Mr Guaidó declared himself Venezuela's interim leader in January and has been recognised by more than 50 countries, including the US, the UK and most in Latin America.
But Mr Maduro - backed by Russia, China and the top of the country's military - has refused to cede leadership to his rival.
US Secretary of State Mike Pompeo said military action was "possible" if necessary but that the US would prefer a peaceful transition of power. Russia's Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov warned the US against further "aggressive" steps.
The UN meanwhile called on both sides to exercise "maximum restraint".
What's the latest?
Addressing his supporters in Caracas, Mr Guaidó called the protests an "irreversible process" and vowed to continue demonstrations every day "to achieve freedom".
"We are on the right track, there is no turning back," he said.
Student and opposition groups have tweeted images of protesters massing in the streets and of a large security presence.
Government forces have fired tear gas on protesters, while some demonstrators have been seen with Molotov cocktails.
The UN Human Rights Office has said it is "extremely worried" by reports of security forces using "excessive" force against demonstrators.
"We call on all sides to show maximum restraint and on the authorities to respect the right to peaceful assembly," spokesperson Marta Hurtado said.
But there were also pro-government demonstrations, with President Maduro saying workers were gathering across the country to celebrate May Day.
Streets were littered with burnt-out vehicles after Tuesday's clashes.
The opposition said protests had taken place throughout Venezuela, in the capital and across all its 23 states.
What happened on Tuesday?
Mr Guaidó posted a video showing him with a number of men in military uniform. He said he had the support of "brave soldiers" in Caracas.
He urged Venezuelans to join them in the streets, and appeared alongside another opposition leader, Leopoldo López, who has been under house arrest since 2014.
Supporters on both sides then gathered around Caracas throughout the day, and there were clashes between Mr Guaidó's supporters and armed military vehicles.
Spain's government later confirmed that Mr López and his family had sought safety in their embassy, but said the opposition figure has not claimed political asylum.
Chilean foreign minister Roberto Ampuero confirmed on Twitter he had initially come to their embassy but later transferred to Spain's.
Mr Guaidó, the president of the opposition-controlled National Assembly, has called on Venezuela's military to back him, saying President Maduro is a "usurper" because he was re-elected in polls that had been widely disputed.
What's been the international reaction?
UN Secretary General António Guterres has appealed for both sides to avoid violence, while the EU has called for "utmost restraint to avoid the loss of lives and an escalation in tensions".
The US has reiterated its support for Mr Guaidó.
Meanwhile, National Security Adviser John Bolton has accused Russia and Cuba of interfering in Venezuelan politics, claiming Mr Maduro was planning to flee to Cuba but was persuaded to stay by Moscow.
But both Russia and Mr Maduro rejected the claim, with a Russian foreign ministry spokesperson accusing the US of conducting an "information war".
Mr Lavrov spoke to Mr Pompeo on the phone on Wednesday, warning him of grave consequences if the US took further "aggressive" steps in Venezuela, saying US "interference" in the country broke international law.
Governments who still back Mr Maduro - including Bolivia and Cuba - condemned Mr Guaidó's efforts as an attempted "coup d'etat".
The Mexican government expressed "concern about a possible increase in violence" while Colombian President Ivan Duque urged the Venezuelan military to stand "on the right side of history" against Mr Maduro.
An emergency meeting of the Lima Group of Latin American countries has been scheduled for Friday.

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